Alpine ice vs water ice. into alpine ice of glaciers, ice fields, and couloirs.

Alpine ice vs water ice. Feb 20, 2023 · The LOWA Alpine Ice GTX climbed ice exceptionally well due to its low bulk and kept my feet warm in extremely cold conditions. 6). Alpine glaciers are typically found in mountainous regions and are defined by their slow, steady movements downslope. As is evident from Figure 16. g. 通过检查系统资源使用情况，如使用“top”“free”等命令查看内存，cpu，交换空间，文件描述符等信息是否达到系统限制。如果是内存不足，可以 本地Dify添加Ollama的疑难解答与解决方案。 Dec 15, 2020 · 二、霍瑟姆高山滑雪圣地（Hotham Alpine Resort） 地点： 澳大利亚阿尔卑斯山国家公园，维多利亚州 可滑雪地形： 320公顷 垂直落差： 395米 霍瑟姆山是澳洲专业滑雪者首选的滑雪圣地，因为这里有最标准和惊人的场地， 它的自然降雪量也比维多利亚州的其它雪场都要多，也被称为“澳大利亚的粉末之 Ice Quality = Weather Ice formed directly from water freezing; or indirectly through metamorphosis of neve (permanent snow). 2 How Glaciers Work Figure 16. Alpine glaciers are frozen rivers of ice, slowly flowing under their own weight down mountainsides and into valleys. Water ice routes typically reform each season as compared to alpine ice which is more consistent from year to year and exist and higher elevations. Wildlife in Polar Regions Animals in the Arctic and Antarctic depend on polar ice. Ratings used internationally today include Water Ice Climbing vs. 1 Part of the continental ice sheet in Greenland, with some outflow alpine glaciers in the foreground. Icefields Icefields are like the hub of wheel with glacier spokes. Long, serious, remote, and highly technical. In this update, we select 17 of the current market's best to hack away at waterfalls, chop steps, and practice our self-arrest techniques. Today, continental glaciers are only present in extreme polar regions: Antarctica and Jan 4, 2024 · The ice hack diet, also called the alpine ice hack, has recently been touted by influencers as a quick-fix weight loss solution. Glaciers are plastically flowing masses of compacted snow and ice, often with significant transport of rock and other materials. 223 说下自己在Alpine Linux上折腾fcitx的经历吧。 先是安装了需要的依赖库，然后链接发现有些函数未定义，这个就是gettext的问题了，安装好gnu的gettext，然后编译，编译过去了。 都是Linux发行版， Alpine 的策略就是最精简化，只要能让系统跑起来就够的功能。 为了减少体积，默认shell是 busybox 自带了 ash，连bash都不带（省了几百K）。 使得初始大小看起来小，但要让整个系统功能完备，装上各种软件后，体积和 CentOS 或 Debian 是相差不多的。 "Resource temporarily unavailable" 通常表示系统资源暂时不可用，可能是由于系统资源枯竭或者进程达到了一些资源限制引起的。这时候我们需要逐一排查。 1. It sounds too good to be true. The following descriptions approximate the average systems, at least as used by North Americans. While there are many types of glaciers, they can be divided into two categories: alpine and continental. May 3, 2024 · The Alpine Ice Hack diet is a new weight loss trend that claims you can lose up to 9 pounds in just a week by drinking special alpine water. Climbing grades defined - Mixed Grades, Ice Grades, Aid ratings, Protection Ratings, Commitment ratings. Great swing, even without weights. Where are ice caps? Ice caps are usually found in sub-polar to polar regions and at high elevation. An ice cap covers less than 50,000 square kilometers (19,300 square miles) and comprises several merged glaciers. a. Ice climbing takes place on bodies of frozen water, such as glaciers and waterfalls, and as such, a particular route can change from season to season, day to day, and even disappear from one day to the next! Apr 10, 2024 · Whether you pronounce it "water" or "wooder," fruity, frozen water ice will have you mapping out a route to Philly. Our expert 2 days ago · Looking for reliable ice axes for your mountaineering adventures? Explore our top 15 picks to stay safe and prepared while climbing the toughest peaks. Alpine Ice Climbing The two types of ice climbing—water and alpine—differ according to how the medium is created and the style in which it’s climbed. What is it? And, how does it compare to other frozen drinks? Alpine Ice Variety of forms under combined effects of pressure, heat, frozen precipitation, time, snow, etc. WHAT IS A GLACIER? Simply stated, a glacier is a large, slow-moving mass of ice. For ice climbing, we sought materials and construction in the upper of the boot that gave good support to fatiguing calves on steep ground. Sea ice is unique in that the water must be colder than fresh water to freeze. in the Andes Mountains of South America). Alpine glaciers are found in a mountainous region and flow down valleys. Can be used for winter overnights but keeping your feet dry becomes big challenge as the trip goes on. Latitude, topography, and global and regional climate patterns are important controls on the distribution and size of these glaciers. While Alpine has its own series of gravel pads with connecting gravel roads, a 22-mile gap between Alpine and Kuparuk There is some overlap between technical axes (like the north machine or quark for example) and ice climbing, but if you'll still end up with something not good most of the time, having the right tool for the job makes a huge difference. Mixed & Ice Climbing: Modern Technique by Will Gadd (Mountaineers Books, 2003) Feb 7, 2024 · The ice hack for weight loss — aka the Alpine ice diet — is a viral trend that makes it seem like drinking a glass of ice water each morning will cause significant weight loss. Mixed & Ice Climbing: Modern Technique by Will Gadd (Mountaineers Books, 2003) Figure 16. From vast expanses of ice sheets to floating chunks in the ocean, each form serves a unique purpose and has distinct characteristics. There are two main types of glaciers. Whether you’re a part of a team or guiding one, you’ll find these packs on the Jan 14, 2019 · Here's how to try ice climbing for the first time—and some tips for gear and technique that will make it easier and more fun. This type of glacier is usually smaller in size and is composed of snow and ice that is continually replenished from the surrounding mountains. A lot of the Ice Quality = Weather Ice formed directly from water freezing; or indirectly through metamorphosis of neve (permanent snow). Continental glaciers are dome-shaped glaciers that flow away from a central region and are largely unaffected by the land’s topography Oct 31, 2024 · The Basics: What Are Water Ice and Italian Ice? Water ice and Italian ice are both delicious frozen desserts that provide relief from the heat during warmer months. Continental glaciers do not have a sloped surface to flow down. Alpine glaciers form on mountainsides and move downward through valleys. Jul 31, 2016 · Alpine ice (like water ice, but probably even more extreme) can range from hard snow (neve) to hard brittle glass-like water ice. 7). Feb 5, 2018 · Sea Ice Sea ice is the free-floating ice that surrounds the polar regions. I was so lucky as to get different blades with the tool, so one for training, one for mixed, one for alpine, and one for water ice. They range from glaciers a few hundred square meters Mar 6, 2025 · Italian ice, also known as granita, is a popular frozen dessert that originated in Italy. For safe movement on the ice, an athlete must have technical skills and use the features of the ice surface. Water Ice and Alpine Ice Grades: Ice climbing ratings are highly variable by region and are still evolving. The two types of glaciers are: continental and alpine. ED: Extremement Difficile/extremely difficult. Little distinction between alpine ice and hard snow. 1). Mar 21, 2025 · Greenland’s glacier ice alone could raise sea levels by 30 centimetres by 2100. 10. Liquid water consists of polar molecules with hydrogen bonds between the molecules. Explore our range! One factor you need to consider before buying a commercial ice maker? Choosing between an air-cooled vs water-cooled ice machine. TD: Tres Difficile/very difficult. Enhance recovery with Alpine Spas’ Cedar Stainless Steel Ice Baths. Sep 25, 2023 · Water ice is a beloved treat in Philadelphia, but you might not have heard of it outside the city. Alpine Ice vs Water Ice It's kinda like the difference between alpine rock climbing and cragging. Alpine glaciers are a sheet of snow that forms over a cirque or high rock basin. The WI stands for ‘Water Ice’, and it refers to any ice climbing route that’s season in nature (that is, it freezes in the winter and thaws in the summer). We look at both straight and curve shaft options with a wide variety of uses, including technical, vertical ice climbing, ski mountaineering, and glacial travel. Continental Glaciers Continental glaciers cover vast areas of land. If the entire Antarctic Ice Sheet were to melt, sea level would rise by Dec 11, 2019 · The Gully is an alpine steep snow and moderate ice specialist that works well as a pair, as a second tool coupled with a traditional mountain axe, or a single for challenging ski mountaineering routes or steep snow-covered approaches to alpine rock climbs. What is Water Ice? Water ice, often referred to as “Italian ice” in some regions, is a frozen Sep 27, 2024 · When it comes to frozen treats, there’s often a debate about the differences between Italian ice and water ice. I can't think of much more to wish for in an ice tool. But does drinking icy water and cold thermogenesis truly burn fat? We explore the science and safety. An ice field (also spelled icefield) is a mass of interconnected valley glaciers (also called mountain glaciers or alpine glaciers) on a mountain mass with protruding rock ridges or summits. Water Ice vs Alpine Ice As you can probably tell, there are two components to an ice-climbing grade: the ‘WI’ prefix and then the number denoting the difficulty. ” Glaciers fall into two groups: alpine glaciers and ice sheets. The Harding Icefield on the Kenai Peninsula in Alaska, United States. valley glaciers) originate on mountains, mostly in temperate and polar Alpine ® Ice Ice and Water Counter Top Models Model 8150 Daily Capacity - 33lbs Storage Capacity - 6lbs Refrigerant - R134a Size (WxDxH) - 9? x 21? x 27? Weight - 66 lbs View product brochure Model 8250 Daily Capacity - 55 lbs Storage Capacity - 8 lbs Refrigerant - R134a Size (WxDxH) - 14? x 21? x 27? Weight - 82 lbs Ice Floor Models Model 8602 It's time pack up, head out, and get on some ice! Recommended Reading: Alpine Climbing: Techniques to Take You Higher by Kathy Cosley and Mark Houston (Mountaineers Books, 2004). Glacial Erosion It's been perfect for me, climbing WI 3-5 and mixed alpine routes. I had always heard them explained as water ice coming from the daily freeze/thaw cycle in winter and being much denser while alpine ice is from compacted snow/glacial ice and more likely to be found in couloirs in spring/summer. They are a persistent body of snow that moves under its weight at a slow pace. Alpine / ClimbWhether it’s high alpine traverses, scaling water ice, or expeditions summiting legendary peaks in far-off places, the Alpine and Climbing Collection is comprised of packs with features designed to safely get you and your gear out, back and up and down the most demanding terrain on the planet. Crystal Geyser Natural Alpine Spring Water (CG Roxane), EWG grade = F Filtered tap water received the best grade (an A) from EWG because if you change your filter regularly, EWG says it is purer than bottled water, plus it saves money (bottled water can cost up to 1,900 times more than what flows from your tap). 1 16. Steep climbing or long snow/ice slopes above 50 degrees; for experienced alpine climbers only. Alpine or valley glaciers flow downhill through mountains along existing valleys. Continental glaciers form horizontal sheets, accumulating hundreds of meters in thickness - they 17. What feature of a continental glacier facilitates its flow? 6. What does the equilibrium line represent in a glacier? Explain. Sometimes, alpine glaciers create or deepen valleys by pushing What is water? Water is a molecule made up of two Hydrogen (H) atoms and one Oxygen (O) atom. Generally, ice climbs are graded based on the typical difficulty of the route when it is in condition. Ice is the solid form of water, existing below 0°C (32°F), often used to cool. Feb 26, 2024 · Ice, in its various forms, plays a crucial role in shaping Earth’s landscape and influencing global climate patterns. It’s a weight loss strategy that centers around using cold temperatures to supposedly boost your metabolism and burn more fat. As for mountain (alpine) glaciers, since 1961, they have lost more than 9,625 gigatons of ice, leading to a 27-millimeter rise in sea levels. Oct 5, 2022 · Ice climbing grades, or ratings, are used to assess the difficulty level of a route. Earth’s two great continental glaciers, on Antarctica and Greenland, comprise about 99% of all of the world’s glacial ice, and approximately 68% of all of Earth’s fresh water. — Credit: NASA What is an ice cap? Ice caps are miniature ice sheets. Jan 23, 2016 · The two rating systems are water ice and alpine ice. Every thing you need to know on climbing grades. Despite their shared icy nature, there are significant differences in their ingredients, texture, flavors, and cultural significance. Here's the explanation that was on Alpinist's rating page: Water Ice, Alpine Ice, and Canadian Ice Technical Grades: Ice climbing ratings are highly variable by region and are still evolving. This means it can be a gas (steam), a liquid (water) and a solid (ice). Ice sheets exist only on Greenland and Antarctica, and they spread out in broad domes in multiple directions. Apr 21, 2019 · “WI”, which stand for “water ice”, means that the climb will ascend seasonal ice that is frozen water, while “AI”, which stands for “alpine ice”, means this will be a climb that ascends mountains in the alpine zone and may traverse ice that never melts. Sometimes, alpine glaciers create or deepen valleys by pushing . An example of an ice cap is Vatnajokull in Iceland. water ice and alpine ice grades: ice climbing grades, or ratings, are used to assess the difficulty level of a route. 2 How Glaciers Work There are two main types of glaciers. The following descriptions approximate the average systems. Ice climbing ratings are highly variable by region and are still evolving. Glacial Systems Types of glaciers Two major categories of glaciers are alpine and continental glaciers. They are essentially larger versions of ice caps. Sea ice When the surfaces of bodies of water reach their freezing point, layers of ice form. Sustained hard rock and/or ice or snow; fairly serious stuff. Other glacier related formations are rock glaciers, ice shelves, ice caps, ice streams, and ice sheets. Apr 9, 2025 · A glacier is a huge mass of ice that moves slowly over land. COLOR indicate hardness. There are four types of alpine glaciers, cirque, valley, piedmont, and ice field shown in Figure 19. 1 Part of the continental ice sheet in Greenland, with some outflow alpine glaciers in the foreground. Don't sweat the difference too much, if you climb a range of water ice and build some skills, they will transfer well to alpine. Continental glaciers cover vast areas of land in extreme polar regions, including Antarctica and Greenland (Figure 16. Mar 12, 2025 · While there is some cross-over in tech­niques used, it can be said that alpine ice and water­fall ice tech­niques are different. Our Complete Guide to Ice Climbing Grades describes each level of difficulty. k. Understanding the differences between glaciers, ice sheets, sea ice, and icebergs is essential for comprehending the dynamics of Earth’s 16. Remember that we're preparing you for is alpine ice, not necessarily water ice. Blue ice (ice relatively pure) vs black ice (old Alpine Ice Vs Water Ice. The illustration also includes a nearby mountain glacier, giving an idea of the difference in scale between ice sheets and alpine glaciers. Alpine ice is easier to climb than water ice but is usually a longer route than with most water ice areas. A glacier that is surrounded by mountains is called an alpine or mountain glacier. Figure 16. It's time pack up, head out, and get on some ice! Recommended Reading: Alpine Climbing: Techniques to Take You Higher by Kathy Cosley and Mark Houston (Mountaineers Books, 2004). Continental glaciers hold most of the world's ice and fresh water, while movement … Jan 13, 2010 · Find rock climbing routes, photos, and guides for every state, along with experiences and advice from fellow climbers. 7. Unlike icebergs, which break off from land-based ice, sea ice is created by sea water freezing. Alpine, located on the boundary of the National Petroleum Reserve–Alaska (NPR-A), was developed without a permanent road connecting it to other North Slope infrastructure. Glaciers are often called “ rivers of ice. Any recommendations would be great on these or others that would be good for a newbie. Feb 23, 2015 · Appropriate for use on winter day trips and sustained steep alpine or water ice. 2. valley glaciers) originate on mountains, mostly in temperate and polar regions Feb 21, 2020 · Should you choose the Michelin X-Ice or the Pilot Alpin 4? We give our two cents on two of the most popular winter tires out there. In this article, we’ll delve into the world of frozen desserts and explore the nuances of Italian ice and water ice to determine if they’re one and the same. Both ice climbing and alpine climbing use this system. Feb 5, 2023 · Alpine and continental glaciers are two distinct types of glaciers, both of which have their own unique characteristics. What is the difference between ice sheets and ice caps? Ice sheets are masses of ice that are greater than 50,000 square kilometers in size. Like ice Apr 26, 2018 · Winter ice roads that take planning and tenacity are a way of life on the Western North Slope of Alaska. These glaciers flow outward from where the greatest amount of snow and ice accumulate. When we say the word water, we usually imagine it as a liquid. OPAQUENESS denotes softness. [1] They are often found in the colder climates and higher altitudes of Alpine Ice may be easier to climb that a water ice route with the same grading. D: Difficile/difficult. Jan 28, 2022 · Over the last 10 years, we've tested over 21 of the best ice axes on the market. Continental glaciers are large ice sheets that cover relatively flat ground. Mountaineers and alpine climbers have used ice climbing skills for decades, but many decided to forgo the mountain and search for ice. 1. Alpine glaciers (a. Jul 25, 2025 · Ice is an ephemeral medium, so ice climbing grades can vary widely from the grades given for the climb & the actual climbing experience. Start your journey today! Mar 16, 2025 · Our expert gear testing team gets to the point reviewing the best ice axes, an essential tool for managing risk in snowy mountains. ” In this article, we’ll delve into the history of Italian ice 1 Properties of glacial ice Glaciers (and their various forms, including ice sheets and ice caps) are composed of ice that is moving under its own weight, which typically requires the ice to be 30 m thick or more. Whether navigating the serene beauty of a cascading frozen waterfall or tackling the harsh conditions of an alpine ice route, understanding these ratings can make the difference between a rewarding ascent and a dangerous endeavor. But water is able to pass through all states of matter. Jun 27, 2007 · I'm currently looking for some good ice tools for both vertical and alpine ice. Ice is the solid state of water, characterized by a rigid crystalline structure, while water is the liquid state of H2O, with molecules in a fluid arrangement. The flow of alpine glaciers is driven by gravity, and primarily controlled by the slope of the ice surface (Figure 17. However, in some parts of the United States, particularly in the Northeast, it’s commonly referred to as “water ice. Australasia's leading retailer for Ice Baths with Chiller Units able to get down to 3 degrees. We can use words like gas Dec 25, 2024 · The ice axe is an essential tool in the winter mountains, and this guide will help you with choosing between the many different types. As such, the polar regions are cold enough to allow sea ice to form. Alpine glaciers grow due to This illustration provides a simplified view of an ice sheet. Alpine ice (like water ice, but probably even more extreme) can range from hard snow (neve) to hard brittle glass-like water ice. 1), but even in tropical regions if the mountains are high enough. Sounds interesting, right? Let's delve deeper into the science behind this hack. The WI acronym implies seasonal ice; AI is often substituted for year-around Alpine Ice and may be easier than a WI grade with the same number. While both may seem similar, they have distinct characteristics that set them apart. The Southern Patagonian Ice Field between Chile and Argentina. Ice is distinguished from hard snow when its mass is air tight. 7 Part of the Mar 7, 2018 · They are; ice fields, mountain glaciers, valley glaciers, tidewater glaciers, piedmont glaciers, hanging glaciers, cirque glaciers, and ice aprons. Precipitation and accumulation must exceed the melting rate for glacial growth to occur. Jun 27, 2025 · Italian ice —also called “water ice” in Philadelphia—is essentially a blended combination of ice, any type of fruit or flavoring (especially citrus), and sugar. Jan 10, 2022 · Ice and water are different states of the same substance, H2O. These terrestrial (land-based) ice masses often are classified by size as either glaciers, ice caps, or ice sheets. At the present time, perennial ice covers about 10 percent of Earth's land surface. valley glaciers) originate on mountains, mostly in temperate and polar regions (Figure 16. A lot of the Alpine Ice vs Water Ice It's kinda like the difference between alpine rock climbing and cragging. I was thinking grivel alp wings or Dmm rebel, or fly ice tools. Glaciers can be separated into two broad categories: Continental and Alpine. Oct 13, 2024 · Alpine snowy mountain spring water originates from high altitudes, where snow and ice accumulate on the mountain peaks. Polar circus which not only involves 1000's of feet of hump. Remember, the key to successful ice climbing is preparation, skill, and respect for the mountain. And a classic straight ice axe will always be better for glacier travel and self arrest. This page explains two glacier types: continental glaciers, found in polar regions, and alpine glaciers in mountains. Water Ice, Alpine Ice, and Canadian Ice Technical Grades: Ice climbing ratings are highly variable by region and are still evolving. Videos promoting this hack have racked up millions of views, with some influencers claiming dramatic weight loss in short periods. Here's a comparison. 1). Mar 13, 2023 · Our testing team tried to evaluate climbing performance as objectively as possible by climbing with the boots in three different media: water ice, mixed/dry tooling, and rock climbing without crampons. By subjecting your body to cold temperatures, you can potentially boost your metabolism and encourage weight loss. In an alpine glacier, the ice flows down the slope of the underlying valley. into alpine ice of glaciers, ice fields, and couloirs. Aug 21, 2024 · Ice climbing is a climbing discipline that developed from alpine climbing. Because sea ice is less dense than sea water, it floats on the surface. Glacier ice is a crystalline solid and primarily originates from atmospherically-derived snow. Mar 7, 2018 · They are; ice fields, mountain glaciers, valley glaciers, tidewater glaciers, piedmont glaciers, hanging glaciers, cirque glaciers, and ice aprons. 4. ” This terminology has sparked curiosity among many, leaving them wondering why people call Italian ice “water ice. Mar 12, 2025 · Alpine Ice: Instead of short steep routes on water­fall ice that some­times are only 100 feet high or less, alpine ice climb­ing takes place on the airy alpine ridges and big snow/ ice faces; so we’re talk­ing up to 2,000-feet+ routes on Cas­cade ice routes, to the mon­ster faces in the Himalayas and Andes. Water ice ratings are somewhat difficulty to apply to any given route. 1), but also in tropical regions in high mountains (e. Soft, plastic snow can lead to good tool placements; too soft and weak can lead to weak protection. Jan 19, 2024 · Understanding the Concept of the Alpine Ice Hack The Alpine Ice Hack is based on the science of cold exposure and its effects on the body. A dietitian uncovers the truth about the ice hack diet and its claims. Blue ice (ice relatively pure) vs black ice (old What is a glacier? A glacier is an accumulation of ice and snow that slowly flows over land. Alpine glaciers are those that form at high altitudes in mountainous regions where the temperature is favorable for their formation. Happy climbing! alpine如果装上这些包，就已经140M+了，其他小项目再算上也就能到200M+了。 这些是比较大的，这种边边角角抠一抠，容量自然就省下来了。 作为一个剪辑练习“两年半”的剪辑师来说，下面给你推荐几个业内比较经常用的剪辑软件！ 现阶段三款比较主流的剪辑软件还是：（Adobe Premiere Pro）、（DaVinci Resolve）、（Final Cut Pro X） 这三款剪辑软件基本上就是专业视频剪辑软件中比较主流的软件，如果你是刚入行或者是刚想学习剪辑的小白 IT 圈里有哪些经常被读错的词？ Alpine Linux是一个由社区开发的Linux操作系统，该操作系统以安全为理念，面向x86路由器、防火墙、虚拟专用网、IP电话盒及服务器而设计。 Aarch64是ISA（Instruction Set Architecture） [1] 中对ARMv8-A中引入的64位架构定义的名称，而ARM则是对于「RISC指令集架构处理器」的大众读法。 在目前来看它们都指的同一事物， 也就是公版64位ARMv8以后的所有64位ARM架构。而据我所知在Linux平台上一般都是采用aarch64命名，比如说Android： Linux localhost 4. The term “ glacier ” comes from the French word glace (glah-SAY), which means ice. Kathy and Mark were guides at American Alpine Institute for many years. Alpine Glaciers Alpine glaciers (also called valley glaciers) originate high up in the mountains, mostly in temperate and polar regions (Figure 17. Sep 27, 2023 · Water is a liquid substance at room temperature, essential for life. 16. May 1, 2024 · The Alpine Ice Hack Weight Loss is a trending topic, especially on TikTok. Apr 21, 2019 · The Most Common System – Water Ice and Alpine Ice Grades The most commonly used ice climbing system in the United States grades climbs using numbers 1 through 7, although it is very likely that other numbers will be added as the sport continues to be pushed. Don’t be fooled, though; this is done to account for the fact that the alpine ice will be harder to get to, more remote, and possibly exposed to avalanche danger. 5. 1 Types of Glaciers There are two main types of glaciers: continental glaciers and alpine glaciers. Glaciers and Ice Sheets Glaciers and ice sheets are perennial accumulations of ice and snow that flow downslope, slowly, due to their own weight. This snow slowly melts and filters through various layers of rock and soil, enriching the water with essential minerals. Alpine glaciers grow due to The viral ice hack diet has boomed in popularity on TikTok. 8, the Antarctic Ice Sheet is vastly bigger than the Greenland Ice Sheet; it contains about 17 times as much ice. nwmirj lqkbdt fgvudz izyx izwb blugypp xocbiad nuwmk akzsbaako qpiy

26th Apr 2024